Source: Edwin Locke and Gary Latham; book A Theory of Goal Setting and Task Performance (1990)
A research-based theory showing that specific, challenging goals generally lead to higher performance than vague 'do your best' goals, given commitment and feedback.
When to use it
Use it when designing goals for yourself or a team and you want to apply the conditions that make goals work.
How to apply it
Set a specific goal rather than a general aim.
Make it challenging but achievable with effort.
Build commitment by involving people in setting it or explaining why it matters.
Provide regular feedback on progress.
Break complex tasks into learning goals before setting performance targets.
Tip: For new and complex tasks, a hard performance goal can backfire; start with a goal to learn the strategies.