Decision-Making & Problem-Solving · 05 of 10
First Principles Thinking
Source: No single originator; the idea of reasoning from foundational truths traces back to Aristotle and is widely used in science and engineering
Break a problem down into the facts you know to be true, then rebuild a solution from those facts instead of copying existing practice.
When to use it
Use it when conventional solutions are too expensive, slow or incremental and you need a genuinely different approach.
How to apply it
- Write down the problem and the solution people usually reach for.
- List the assumptions behind that usual solution.
- Challenge each assumption and keep only what you can verify as fact.
- Rebuild possible solutions using only the verified facts and constraints.
- Test the most promising rebuilt option cheaply before committing.
Tip: It is slow and effortful, so reserve it for decisions where convention is clearly holding you back.